Phormio, son of Asopius, was born circa BC. A recurring character in Thucydides c. A contemporary of Pericles , Phormio is known to history primarily for his crushing victories over the Peloponnesians, in the tradition of Themistocles or Cimon, at Naupactus modern Lepanto on the Corinthian Gulf.
Phormio has become a figure of significant historical interest for his role during the first three years of the Great Second Peloponnesian War, , and several scholars have dedicated entire chapters to his exploits. Athens, Sparta and the Peloponnesian Wars. Bronze statuette of a warrior on horseback, wearing a Corinthian helmet, c.
The latter was quite separate from the countryside: it was self-contained, with political and economic benefit reserved to the privileged townspeople who lived intra muros. Hoplite statue from Dodona , c. Note the Boeotian shield.
In the decades immediately following the Persian Wars , the Athenians emerged from the Spartan-led pan-Greek alliance as a thalassocracy , or sea power. Under the able guidance of Themistocles, Cimon, and then Pericles, the Athenians came to dominate the Aegean, and large portions of Boeotia and Thrace. This was an inevitable development for Athens, a city that possessed a dedicated domestic production capacity in the form of metals, marble, ceramics, oil, wine, wool, dye, and textiles, [7] and a sophisticated system of public finance, all gravitating around the unique Athenian democracy.
The large, publicly financed, workforce of slaves and government servants in Athens, and its Aegean periphery, meant that it was imperative to perpetually import foodstuffs, principally grain and fish, to survive. Cimon, the son of Miltiades who had fought alongside Themistocles and Callimachus at Marathon in , launched his aggressive empire-building campaign in Athenian warship painted on Attic vase c.
