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This single-center case-control retrospective study was conducted at Rouen University Hospital between 1 st January and 31 st December At two years of corrected age, motor and cognitive abilities were assessed by routine score based on the Amiel-Tison and Denver developmental scales.
The 31 children born from 26WG to 32WG were matched with 62 controls. However, there was no difference at 2 years of age. At two years, despite an increase in severe bronchiolitis and the need for more neuromotor rehabilitation during the first month of the life after discharge, there was no difference in neurological outcomes in the very preterm children of the EPPROM group compared to those born at a similar GA without EPPROM. Currently, there is no consensus on therapeutic approach faced with early preterm premature rupture of membranes EPPROM occurring between 14 and 24 WG before viability of the fetus.
A common approach is expectant management hoping to reach a viable period from WG in order to use corticosteroids, antibiotics and transfer to level III ward [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Antenatal prognostic factors for neonatal outcomes after PPROM are gestational age at rupture and birth [ 6 ], duration of latency before birth [ 7 ] and association with oligohydramnios [ 8 ], but they are less known for EPPROM. In a previous study, we observed that EPPROM prior to viability was an independent risk factor for neonatal respiratory adverse outcome of preterm children [ 9 ].
However, extreme prematurity may represent the main risk factor for all perinatal adverse outcomes, in particular inflammatory diseases such as intraventricular hemorrhages, necrotizing enterocolitis or chronic lung disease [ 9 ].
