Official websites use. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. The problems with anticancer therapy are resistance and toxicity. From Cisplatin derivatives tested as antitumor agents, most of them have been rejected, due to toxicity. The aim of current study is the comparison of therapeutic combinations of the currently applied in clinical practice: Cisplatin, Carboplatin, Oxaliplatin, Nedaplatin, Lobaplatin, Heptaplatin, and Satraplatin.
The literature data show that the strategies for the development of platinum anticancer agents and bypassing of resistance to Cisplatin derivatives and their toxicity are: combination therapy, Pt IV prodrugs, the targeted nanocarriers. The very important strategy for the improvement of the antitumor effect against different cancers is synergistic combination of Cisplatin derivatives with: 1 anticancer agentsβFluorouracil, Gemcitabine, Cytarabine, Fludarabine, Pemetrexed, Ifosfamide, Irinotecan, Topotecan, Etoposide, Amrubicin, Doxorubicin, Epirubicin, Vinorelbine, Docetaxel, Paclitaxel, Nab-Paclitaxel; 2 modulators of resistant mechanisms; 3 signaling protein inhibitorsβErlotinib; Bortezomib; Everolimus; 4 and immunotherapeutic drugsβAtezolizumab, Avelumab, Bevacizumab, Cemiplimab, Cetuximab, Durvalumab, Erlotinib, Imatinib, Necitumumab, Nimotuzumab, Nivolumab, Onartuzumab, Panitumumab, Pembrolizumab, Rilotumumab, Trastuzumab, Tremelimumab, and Sintilimab.
An important approach for overcoming the drug resistance and reduction of toxicity of Cisplatin derivatives is the application of nanocarriers polymers and liposomes , which provide improved targeted delivery, increased intracellular penetration, selective accumulation in tumor tissue, and enhanced therapeutic efficacy.
The advantages of combination therapy are maximum removal of tumor cells in different phases; prevention of resistance; inhibition of the adaptation of tumor cells and their mutations; and reduction of toxicity.
Keywords: metal complexes, Cisplatin derivatives, pharmacological activity, approved drugs, combinations, sinergism. Malignant cancers include a group of more than different types of diseases, causing mortality worldwide. Carcinogenesis is a transformation of cells into tumors. This multi-stage process consists of initiation, promotion, malignant transformation of cells and progression [ 1 ]. During tumorogenesis, various genetic and epigenetic tumor-specific mutations occur, which define the biological features of tumor growth: uncontrolled cell proliferation, invasion of neighboring tissues, and metastasis of cells to distant tissues [ 2 ].
