Annals of Intensive Care volume 13 , Article number: 34 Cite this article. Metrics details. Necrotizing soft tissue infections NSTIs are rare life-threatening bacterial infections. Few data are available regarding neutropenic patients with NSTIs. We conducted a retrospective multicentre cohort study in 18 ICUs between and The relationship between therapeutic interventions and outcomes was assessed using Cox regression and propensity score matching.
Enterobacterales and non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria were the most frequently isolated microorganisms in neutropenic patients. In-hospital mortality was significantly higher in neutropenic than in non-neutropenic patients Critically ill neutropenic patients with NSTIs present different clinical and microbiological characteristics and are associated with a higher hospital mortality than non-neutropenic patients.
G-CSF administration was associated with hospital survival. Necrotizing soft tissue infections NSTIs are life-threatening infections characterized by skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascia or muscle necrosis.
NSTIs are rare diseases, with an incidence varying between 0. Early management relies on multidisciplinary care including early surgical debridement and broad-spectrum antibiotherapy. Immunocompromised patients developing NSTIs have a higher risk of dying and different characteristics than non-immunocompromised patients, including less regional inflammatory signs and more frequent abdomino-perineal topography and gram-negative bacilli documentation [ 6 , 7 , 8 ].
Previous studies on NSTIs in immunocompromised patients are scarce, consisted in case series or small cohort studies, and included patients with any kind of immunosuppression, thereby limiting the generalizability of the data in this highly heterogeneous population.
