French composer and musicologist. She studied at the Paris Conservatoire with Claude Ballif analysis , Olivier Messiaen composition and Alain Weber counterpoint , gaining first prize in counterpoint and analysis and winning the composition prize. She also holds a degree in literature from the Sorbonne. She has been resident at the Casa de Velasquez, Madrid β81 and has taught analysis at the Paris Conservatoire. Her sophisticated technique always serves the emotional content of the music, the substance of which is inspired by visual art and literature.
Single-string spike fiddle of the Tamazight Berber people of North Africa. The resonator is a shallow circular frame covered by a goatskin head and back. The horsehair string extends at an angle to the neck not along it from the end of a long lateral tuning peg, through a thong looped to the neck that acts as a nut, over an inverted V-shaped wooden bridge placed toward the upper side of the head, to a string holder that is looped around the short spike.
The neck, of square section, is often ornately inlaid and terminates with a knob. The string is not stopped against the neck but is pressed by the left-hand fingers to produce mainly pentatonic melody within the compass of an octave. The horsehaired bow is a simple arch, the stick wrapped with cloth and the hair tension adjusted by the bow-hand fingers. The ribab is used, with drums, as a solo instrument and for the accompaniment of song and dance American composer of Italian descent.
He studied music with Frugatta in Milan β17 as well as economics at the University of Milan, where he obtained a doctorate in After brief war service in the Italian army, he settled in Rome with his family and took up his composition studies again with Casella; he also received some tuition in orchestration from Respighi. Schoenberg also showed great interest in his works, wishing to perform them in the concerts of the Society for Private Musical Performances.
In the early s he was associated with Massarani and Labroca in a group that called itself I Tre, in imitation of Les Six. Small, circular frame drum with jingles, of the Arab countries see Drum.
